The Evaluation of the Banana Tree as a Source of Papermaking Fiber

This investigation is conducted under found broad categories - effect of various cooking methods, blending with softwood, CEHD bleaching and fiber microscopy. It is found that the leaves are unpulpable but the stalks and stems give fibers comparable to hardwoods. Banana pulps are uneconomical to bleach due to high Kappa numbers and acid pretreatment requirement. The individual fibers are long, slender and stiff similar to bamboo and rice fibers. Peculiar hairlike structure are dominant. Banana pulp can be substituted for hardwood pulp in the manufacture of bags and wrapping paper and especially advantageous for liner board due to its high stiffness

The Relationship of Various Arch Forms and Cortical Bone Thickness

Objective: Implants are being used in orthodontics as a reliable mode of anchorage. Among other factors, the cortical bone thickness plays a major role in determining the stability of these implants. The objective of this study was to study the relationship of variousarch forms and the cortical bone thickness and to determine if the cortical bone thickness varies between various arch forms. This would help to determine the ideal length of an implant for a particular arch form.Materials and Methods: A cross sectional tomograph was obtained from 30 patients. Based on arch forms the patients' tomographs were equally divided into three basic square, tapered and ovoid categories, each consisting of 10 patients. Consequently, their buccal and lingual cortical plate thicknesses were measured.Results: The results showed that there was a statistically significant difference between the three arch forms, in which the square arch form had the greatest cortical bone thickness among the three arch forms.Conclusion: Patients having a tapered arch form may require implants with greater length than patients having a square or an ovoid arch form. Since the availability of the cortical bone in square arch patients is greater, there is more stability for the implants in these cases;therefore, implants with a shorter length may be used in these cases

O cuidado no domicílio: a visão da pessoa dependente e do cuidador

Assistência domiciliar caracteriza-se por um conjunto de procedimentos possíveis de serem realizados no domicílio,por equipe multiprofissional. Estudo de caráter descritivo exploratório, realizado no período de abril a agosto de 2006,com objetivo de caracterizar a pessoa dependente em atendimento domiciliar e seu respectivo cuidador, conhecer aspercepções dessa população quanto à qualidade do serviço prestado na assistência domiciliar e conhecer como ocliente avalia o cuidado prestado por seu cuidador. Participaram do estudo 40 dependentes matriculados em umserviço de atendimento domiciliar do interior do estado de São Paulo e seus cuidadores. Os resultados revelaram quea maioria dos participantes pertencia à faixa etária de 61 a 70 anos, eram viúvos e apresentavam patologias variadas.O atendimento domiciliar foi considerado satisfatório na visão das pessoas dependentes e cuidadores e os conteúdosdos relatos foram agrupados em três categorias: atenção e cuidado da equipe, conforto do lar e "desospitalização". Aassistência prestada pelo cuidador foi considerada ótima segundo a visão da pessoa dependente. Este estudo reflete apreocupação constante da equipe do atendimento domiciliar em proporcionar a melhora contínua da qualidade doserviço e satisfação das pessoas dependentes e seus cuidadores

Acquired-Transient Factor X Deficiency in a Teenager with Extensive Burns

Acquired factor X deficiency is an extremely rare situation. It has shown to be associated with systemic amyloidosis, respiratory mycoplasma infection, factor X inhibitors, antiphospholipid antibodies, vitamin K defi ciency/liver disease as well as the use of certain medications (meropenem, valproic acid). The pathogenesis and transient nature of this deficit remain poorly understood. The authors describe the case of a teenager hospitalised for extensive burns that developed active bleeding after removal of central venous catheter. He was diagnosed with transient factor X deficiency. Normalisation of coagulation status and factor X levels occurred spontaneously 10 days after the bleeding episode

A review of algorithms for medical image segmentation and their applications to the female pelvic cavity

This paper aims to make a review on the current segmentation algorithms used for medical images. Algorithms are classified according to their principal methodologies, namely the ones based on thresholds, the ones based on clustering techniques and the ones based on deformable models. The last type is focused on due to the intensive investigations into the deformable models that have been done in the last few decades. Typical algorithms of each type are discussed and the main ideas, application fields, advantages and disadvantages of each type are summarised. Experiments that apply these algorithms to segment the organs and tissues of the female pelvic cavity are presented to further illustrate their distinct characteristics. In the end, the main guidelines that should be considered for designing the segmentation algorithms of the pelvic cavity are proposed

Seletividade de herbicidas e dinâmica populacional de plantas daninhas na cultura do girassol para a produção de biodiesel.

Os experimentos foram instalados em Prudente de Morais, MG, em 2010 e 2011, com o objetivo de avaliar a seletividade e a eficácia de herbicidas aplicados em pré e pósemergência na cultura do girassol, bem como de estudar a dinâmica populacional de plantas daninhas. O trabalho de 2010 foi conduzido em casa de vegetação em delineamento em blocos ao acaso com 11 tratamentos e três repetições. Os tratamentos foram constituídos por dez herbicidas, sendo quatro pré-emergentes e seis pós-emergentes (alachlor, imazaquin, metribuzin, trifluralin, chlorimuron-ethyl, fenoxaprop-p-ethyl, [fluazifop-p + fomesafen], imazapyr, imazethapyr e sethoxydim) e uma testemunha. Foram avaliados os efeitos fitotóxicos, altura das plantas, número de folhas e a biomassa seca da parte aérea e raízes aos 60 dias após a aplicação. Em 2011 o trabalho foi conduzido a campo, em delineamento de blocos ao acaso com seis tratamentos e quatro repetições. Os tratamentos consistiram dos herbicidas alachlor e trifluralin (préemergência), fenoxaprop-p-ethyl e sethoxydim (pós-emergência) e duas testemunhas (capinada e sem capina). Foram avaliados o ciclo da cultura, o início de florescimento, a altura de plantas, o diâmetro do caule, a maturação fisiológica dos aquênios, o diâmetro de capítulos, o número de plantas quebradas, o número de plantas acamadas, o estande final e o rendimento de aquênios. Com base nos resultados pode-se concluir que os herbicidas que apresentaram maior fitotoxicidade ao girassol foram: imazaquin, metribuzin, chlorimuron-ethyl, [fluazifop-p + fomesafen], imazapyr e imazethapyr. Os herbicidas pré-emergentes alachlor e trifluralin, e os pós-emergentes fenoxaprop-p-ethyl e sethoxydim mostraram-se seletivos para o girassol. O fenoxaprop-p-ethyl poderá vir a ser utilizado em um programa de manejo integrado de plantas daninhas no girassol, pois apenas trifluralin, alachlor e sethoxydim são herbicidas registrados para esta cultura

Kanamycin resistance during in vitro development of pollen from transgenic tomato plants

Effects of kanamycin on pollen germination and tube growth of pollen from non-transformed plants and from transgenic tomato plants containing a chimaeric kanamycin resistance gene were determined. Germination of pollen was not affected by the addition of kanamycin to the medium in both genotypes. Kanamycin, however, severely affected tube growth of pollen from non-transformed plants, while pollen from plants containing the chimaeric gene were less sensitive and produced significantly longer tubes at kanamycin concentrations between 200-400 mg l-1. Apparently, this resistance for kanamycin correlates with the expression of the chimaeric gene during male gametophytic development.